Fluid dispensing device



P 1945- A. L.-PARKER ETAL FLUID DISPENSING DEVICE Filed Nov. 28, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fi/g-l.

A. L. PARKER ETAL FLUID DISPENSING DEVICE Sept. 18, 1945.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 28, 1942 Patented Sept. 18, 1945 FLUIDDISPENSING DEVICE Arthur L. Parker, Robert H; Davies, and Joseph F; V

Melichar, Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to The Parker Appliance Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application November 28, 1942, Serial No. 467,1t96

Claims.

means whereby at the end of its compression stroke the piston may be connected to a distributing valve arranged to turn about the axis of the piston so as to direct the pump-dischargeto selected points for use; In accordance with one feature of the present invention, a distributor valve mechanism may be arranged, alongside a pump cylinder, and the setting of the valveor valves to permit or prevent flow of fluid may be effected by operation of a handle or the like preferably arranged to operate near the pump piston.

An object of'the present invention'is to provide a fluid dispensing device, e. g. an engine primer, embodying new and improved features of: construction making it certain and eflicient in operation and suiting it for exacting duties, for example the priming of aircraft engines to insure quick starting.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the character referred to includingan improved means for locking the pump against op-' eration.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dispensing device including a distributing or cutofi'valve and a pump together with means effective when the valve isconditioned to prevent flow of fluid for locking the pump piston against operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the class referred to including a pump cylinder and distributor valve chamber arranged alongside each other, and a-cam shaft or the like extending parallel to the pump cylinder for operating a distributor or cut-01f valve or valves.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel pump construction inwhich the pump piston is cushioned by trapped fluid when retracted fully.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the character stated including'an efiicientand easily manufactured and assembled dis tributor valve construction.

Other objects will become apparent from" a reading of'the following detail description, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a topplan view of a fluid dispensing device embodying theiuvention;

Figure 2 is a front elevationof the device shown in Figurel.

Figure 3 is an end elevation showing the device as viewed from the left of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an end elevation showing the device as viewed from the rightofxFigure 2.

Figure 5 is a vertical iongi-tu-dinal section on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.-

Figure 6 is a vertical section on the line li -6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a vertical section on the line l--'! of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a vertical section on the hue -8-8 of Figure 7.

Figure'9is a vertical section on the line 9-9 of'FigureB.

Figure 10 is a verticalsection onthe line Hi -H1 of Figure Figure-11 is an elevation of a cam shaft, drawn on 'an'enlarged scale.

Figure 12 is asection on the ure 11.

Figure 13' is a longitudinal sectional view of a distributor valve movable. element, drawn on an enlarged scale. a A

Figure id is a pian of the-valve element shown in Figure 13 as viewed from the top of Figure 13,- and Figure 15 is an elevation of an indicator plate.

A preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings comprises a, fluid dispensing device adapted to direct fluid under pressure selectivelyto two points for use or to cut off the supply of fluid entirely. The device includes a pump generally designated A and a distributor device generally designatedB, both the pump and the distributor device sharing or having in common a unitary casing or body I. The pump is adapted to'be operated manually by a handle 2 and'the distributor device is controlled by a handle 3positioned close to the pumphandle 2 so that the pump andvdistributor may easily be operated co-relatively.

The pump A includes a barrel or cylinder 4 formed as part of the body or casing l. The cylinder 4 is closed at one end by a wall 5 formed with ports or passages to be referredto later. The cylinder barrel is openatits other end where it is provided with anexternal flange 6 formed with line 12-4 2 of Fi rations l5a engageable with a spring finger de 1 tent [5b for holding the nut against accidental I turning,

The pump shown includes a movable pumping element comprising a piston or plunger device gen erally designated l6. Theidevice 16 includes a piston rod H which extends through the bushings Ill and I2 and packing ll, being slidable there: through for reciprocatory movements. The handle 2 previously referred to is connectedto; the piston rod l! by a screw I8. I

The rod I1 is somewhat smaller .in diameter than the cylinder bore 4 so as to leave a substantial clearance space l9 between the outside of the rod l1 and the inner walls'of the cylinder at diametrically opposite points spaced slightly from the piston sleeve 2|. When the pump is in-operation the clearance space 19 will be filled with working fluid. During a return or retracting'stroke of, the piston device, the clearance space .Hlwill decrease in volume and fluid will be expelled through the passages 36 and 35. When the open ends of the passage 36 pass within the bushing I0, fluid will be trapped in the clearbore. Adjacent its inner "or right hand 'end'the piston device I6 is formed with areducedportion providing a shoulder 20 which providesa' bacb ing for a piston sleeve 2| preferably formed of stainless steel. The sleeve 2l'is held onth'efmner end of the piston rod by'a snap 'ring2la and has sliding engagement with the cylinder bore, there being only working clearance between the sleeve 2| and the cylinder bore. The sleeve 2| and the adjacent end of the piston rod 'lfitogether constitutea piston which upon being reciprocated draws fluid into the cylinder bar}; on the outward or retracting stroke and for-cesfluid from the bore on the inward or working stroke.

Suitable valves are provided forcontrolling the intake and discharge of pump cylinder. In the form shown an inletpassage 22 is adapted to be connected 'to a' pi'pe leading to a tank or othersource of fluid-- supply (not shown). The passage 22 is adaptedtopiimmunicate with the cylinder bore 4by means-of a passage 23, the communicationbeing controlled by a check valve including a seat member 24 screwed into the casing l and a ball 25 yieldably held on the seat member 24 by a spring- 26.

Preferably a spring follower '21 is interposed between the ball 25 and spring 26.- In {operation when the piston is retracted, i. e. moved t-othe left as shown in Figure 2, the suction created in the pump cylinder will cause the valve ball a 25 to move against the urge of the spring 26 whereby fluid will flow in throughthe passages 22 and 23 and thence into the cylinder. 1

A discharge port or passage 28 communicates with the passage 23 and is controlled by an out.- let ball check valve 29 urged onto its'seat by a spring 30 interposed between the ball 29 and a removableplug 3|. Preferably a spring"follower 32 is positioned between the ball 29 and thespring30.

When the pump'piston is 'n'iovedj'to the right as viewed in' Figure 2; fluid contained in the cylinder will be forced through the passage 23 and past the ball 29 which is opened against the urge of the spring 30 by the flui'dpressure. The

fluid will then flow into the passage 28 and thence "through a passage 33 which is the inlet passage ance space IS, the trapped fluid will act as a cushion, and the piston device will be brought to rest smoothly and without an undesirable shock. Consequently, the operator'may always pull the piston back to the limit of its retracting stroke without fear of'causing a shocker damage to the device. There is no reason for pulling the piston back less than its full stroke and consequently maximum discharge for a given number of strokes is assured.

The distributor device B is mounted in the same casing I as the pump A. The casing l is formed with a bore 31 laterally ofi-set from the pump cylinder and extending parallel to and alongside the cylinder. At one end of the bore 31 the casing l is formed with a shoulder 38 and an aperture 39. The other end of the bore 31 is formed with a threaded'opening 49. Outlet passages and 42 opening into the bore are spaced from each other longitudinally of the bore.

The utlet passage 4| opens into the bore at a point diametrically opposite the distributor valve chamber 34a previously referred to. The casing l is formed with another distributor valve chamber 34b which is disposed opposite the outlet passage 42. A passage 34c connects the two outlet chambers 34a and 34b, so that the chamber 34a, passage 340 and chamber 341) together constitute a distributor valve chamber generally designated 34 (see Figure 8) disposed alongside the pump cylinder.

Flow of fluid from the Valve chamber 34 into the distributor bore 3'! and thence into the outlet passages 4| and 42 is controlled'by outlet or distributor valves interposed between the cham ber portions 34a and 341) respectively and the bore 31. The valve for controlling flow of-fiuid" from the chamber 34a includes-a seat/43a and a movable element 44a urged onto'the seat by a spring 45a abutting a plug 46a screw threaded into the casing I. As shown in Figures 9 and 10 the valve element 44a is made from square stock and includes a, guiding part 41a having rounded corners 48a and an operating cam follower part 49a extending inwardly toward the bore 31. A resilient valve'fa'cingilla is carried by the" element 44a and is adapted to engage the seat 43a.

The valve 441) for 'controlling'the flow of fluid from the chamber portion 34b is identical'with the valve 44a. Parts of the valve element l lb a're'designated by the same reference numerals as corresponding parts of the valve element 4411 with the exception that they carry the exponent b instead of the exponent a.

The valves 44a and 44b normally are held closed by their associated springs 45a and 45b mounted to turn in thebore 31 and-extending.

through the aperture 39. A pin 54 projects through a selected pair of openings 54a in the cam shaft 53' and a bore 54b in the stem 51 and is held in place by a snap ring 55. By inserting the pin 54 through different pairs of openings 54a the positionof' the handle 3 relative to the cam shaft'can be. changed. The opposite end of the cam shaft 53 is formed with a: ball seat 56 against which a ball 51 is pressed by a ball follower 58 under the urge of a spring 59 seated on a closure plug 69 screw threaded into. the opening 40. The shaft53 is. formed with twospaced cams Bio and Bib arranged toengagev the. follower portions 49a and 49b of the valves 44w and 44b respectively. The cams: Gla-and 611) are displaced angularly with respect to each other about the axis of the cam shaft, the arrangement being such that by rotating the cam shaft. it is possible to open either valve 44a or 441) or to permit both valves t be held closed by their springs.

In order that fluid discharged from the chamber portion 34a may pass only to the outlet passage 4| and not tothe passage 42, the cam shaft is provided with a partition or wall located between the passages 4| and 42 and which divides the bore 31 into two chambers; In the form shown the cam shaft is formed with two rings 62 spaced from each other to provide a groove for receiving apacking ring 63. The ring 53 has sealing engagement with the cam shaft and the bore 3'! so as to prevent fluid from flowing from the'chamb'er portion 34a to the outlet 42 and to prevent fluid from flowing from the chamber portion 34b to the outlet 4|.

At its right hand end the cam shaft 55 is formed with a. flange 54 engageable with the walls of the bore 31 for journaling the cam shaft. Adjacent its other end the cam shaft 55 is formed with two spaced rings or flanges 66' providing a groove for receiving a packing ring 6'! which seals the bore against the escape of fluid through the aperture 39.

Means are provided for indexing the cam shaft so as to facilitate its being stopped exactly in the right positions for opening a desired one of the valves 34a or 341) or leaving both valves conditioned to be closed. In the form shown, the indexing means comprises a detent device including grooves 68 in the cam shaft and a cooperating detent ball 69 mounted to slide in the casing I. The ball 69' is urged toward the cam shaft by a spring seated against a screw plug 1!. Preferably a ball follower 12 is. interposed between the ball 69 and the spring, 10

In accordance with the'invention the handle 3 is effective when the valves 44a and 441) are conditioned to prevent flow of fluid for lockin the- Anindicator plate 14 is provided for assisting the operator to position. the cam shaft so as to open a desired one of the valves 44a, 4417 or close both of the. valves. The indicator plate 14 is mounted on the front of the flange 6 and is marked with two on indications, one for each valve, and with an off indication. The position of the handle 3 relative tov these indicia will show instantly thev condition of the valves Ma and 44b;

Preferably the pin 54 is formed with a large head 15 engageable with alug 16 on the casing for limiting turning of the cam shaft 53.

It will be observed that when the device is not in use for dispensing fluid, the valves 44a and 441) will both be closed and in order to open them it is necessary to move them oppositely to the direction ofdispensing flow. Consequently, if a suction should be created at the pointer points for use to which the device is arranged to deliver fluid, the suction will not open the valves 44a and 4411 but instead will draw them more tightly against their seats.

The dispensing device disclosed herein embodies the invention in a preferred form, but it will be understood'that changes may be" made without departing from the invention as defined in the claims.

We claim:

1. In a fluid dispensing device, a pump including a movable pumping element; means providing an outlet for fluid discharged by said pump; an outlet valve for controlling said outlet; settable means for selectively conditioning said outlet valve topermit or to prevent flow of fluid through:

said outlet; and means effective when said settable means is set to condition said outlet valve to prevent flow of fluid through said outlet for locking said pumping element against pumping opera tion.

2. In a fluid dispensing device, a pump includ ing a movable pumping element; a distributor device including an inlet for receiving fluid discharged by said pump, atleast two outlets, outlet. valves respectively associated with said outlets,

and settable means for selectively conditioning said outlet valves to permit or to prevent flow of fluid through the associated outlets; and means effective when said settable means is set to condition saidoutlet valves to prevent flow of fluid from said distributor device for locking said pumping element against pumping operation.

means is set to condition said outlet valve to prevent flow of fluid through said outlet for interlockingly engaging said piston rod to hold it against. reciprocation.

4. In a fluid dispensing device, a pump. including a reciprocable piston rod; a distributor device including an inlet for receiving fluid discharged by saidpump, at least two outlets, outletvalves respectively associated with said outlets, and settable means for selectively conditioning said outlet valves to permit or to prevent flow of fluid.

through the. associated outlets; and means effective when said settabl'e means is set to condi tion said outlet. valves to prevent flow of'fiuid from said distributor device for interlockingly engag ing said piston rod to hold it against reciprocag tion.

5.-In a fluid dispensing device, a pump including a cylinder and a piston device reciprooable therein and projecting exteriorly of said cylinder, the exteriorly projectingportion of said device being formed with a slot; means providing an outlet for fluid discharged by said pump;.

an outlet valve for controlling said outlet; settable means for selectively conditioning said outlet valve to permit or to prevent flow of fluid through said outlet; and means adapted to extend into said slot when sad settable means is set to condition said outlet valve to prevent flow of fluid through said outlet to thereby interlockingly engage said piston device and prevent reciprocation thereof.

6. In a fluid dispensing device, a pump includa ing a cylinder and a piston device reciprocable therein and being formed with a slot; means providing an outlet for fluid discharged by said pump; an outlet valve for controlling said outlet; rotatable settable means for selectively contherein and being formed with a slot; means providing an outlet for fluid discharged by said pump; an outlet valve for controlling said outlet; a spring for yieldably holding said valve closed; a cam rotatable for opening said valve against the urge of said spring; a cam shaft for rotating said cam; and a lateral projection on said cam shaft movable into said slot when said cam shaft and cam are moved to permit said valve to be closed by said spring.

8. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder and an elongated distributor valve chamber whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis, said chamber being disposed alongside but being separated from said cylinder; a pump cylinder discharge port; a passage extending transversely to the axis of said cylinder and affording communication between said discharge port and i said distributor valve chamber; a plurality of distributor valve ports spaced from each other parallel to the cylinder axis; and movable distributor valve elements for controlling flow of fluid through said distributor valve ports.

9. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder and an elongated distributor valve chamber whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis, said chamber being disposed alongside but being separated from said cylinder; a pump cylinder discharge port; a passage extending transversely to the. axis of said cylinder and affording communication between said discharge port and said distributorvalve chamber; a plurality of distributor valve ports spaced from each other parallel to the cylinder axis; movable distributor valve elements for controlling flow of fluid through said distributor valve ports; a cam shaft extending parallel to said cylinder axis; and cams on said shaft effective upon rotation of said shaft to selectively condition the respective distributor valve elements for permitting or for preventing flow of fluid through the respectively associated,

distributor valve ports.

-10. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casingformed with a pump cylinder and an elongated distributor valve chamber whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis, said'chamber being disposed alongside but being separated from said cyinder; a pump cylinder discharge port; a passage extending transversely to the axis of said cylinder and aifording communication between said discharge port and said distributor valve chamber; a plurality of distributor valve ports spaced from each other parallel to the cylinder axis; movable distributor valve elements for controlling flow of fluid through said distributor valve ports; springs for normally holding said distributor valve elements closed; a cam shaft; and cams on said cam shaft associated respectively with said distributor valve elements and being effective upon rotation of said cam shaft to selectively open the respectively associated distributor valve elemen against holding action of the springs.

v11. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder, an elongated bore .whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis and means providing fluid passage ways leading from the pump cylinder fordistributing fluid to selected points of use, a cam shaft rotatable in said bore,'cams on said cam shaft and spaced axially therealong and being angularly-displaced with respect to each other about the axis of said shaft within said bore, and Valves having portions disposed in said bore and being operable respectively by said cams for controlling the flow of fluid from said pump through said passage ways.

12. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined I pump and distributor casing formed witha pump cylinderand an elongated bore-whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis, a cam shaft ro- 40 tatable in said bore, cams-on said cam shaft and spaced axially therealong and being angularly displaced with respect to each other about the axisof said shaft within said bore, a partition between two adjacent cams dividin said bore into two annular chambers within which said two cams are respectively operable, said partition providing a. substantially fluid tight seal between said chambers but being constructed to permit rotation of said shaft, passages for admitting fluid from said pump to said chambers respectively; valves having portions disposed in said bore and being operable by said cams respectively for controlling flow .of fluid through said passages into the associated chambers, and passages for flow of fluid from said chambers respectively to selected points for use.

13, In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder, an elongated bore whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis and means providing fluidpassage ays leading from the pump cylinder'for distributing fluid to selected points of use, a cam shaft rotatable in said bore, cams on said camshaft and spaced axially therealong and being angularly displaced with respect to each other about the axis of said shaft within said bore, valves having portions disposed in said bore and being operable respectively by said cams for controlling the flow of fluid from said pump through said passage ways, and a detent device for releasably and yieldably holding said cam shaft in selected positions in which the cams have predetermined positions with relation to the respectively associated valves.

14. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder, an elongated bore whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis and means providing fluid passage ways leading from the pump cylinder for distributing fluid to selected points of use, said casing being provided at one end of said bore with an inwardly directed shoulder and being formed with an opening at the other end of the bore, an operating stem extending parallel to the pump cylinder axis, a cam shaft rotatable in said bore, means constraining said stem and said shaft to rotate together, means including a removable part closing said bore and opening for engaging the end of said cam shaft nearest said opening and holding said cam shaft in abutting relation with said shoulder, cams on and spaced axially of said shaft and within said bore, and valves having portions disposed in said bore and being operable respectively by said cams for controlling the fiow of fluid through said passage ways.

15. In a fluid dispensing device, a combined pump and distributor casing formed with a pump cylinder, an elongated bore whose axis is parallel to the pump cylinder axis and means providing fluid passage ways leading from the pump cylinder for distributing fluid to selected points of use, said casing being provided at one end of said bore with an inwardly directed shoulder and being formed with an opening at the other end of the bore, an operating stem extending parallel to the pump cylinder axis, a cam shaft rotatable in said bore, means constraining said stem and said shaft to rotate together, a closure plug removably secured in said bore end opening, means including a spring interposed between said closure plug and the adjacent end of said cam shaft for pressing the cam shaft against said shoulder, cams on and spaced axially of said shaft and within said bore, and valves having portions disposed in said bore and being operable respectively by said cams for controlling the flow of fluid through said passage ways.

ARTHUR L. PARKER.

ROBERT H. DAVIES.

JOSEPH F. MELICHAR. 

